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    <id>19042</id>
    <category-id>868</category-id>
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      <category parent_id="841" id="867">Politics &amp; Citizenship</category>
      <category parent_id="867" id="868">Political Tasks</category>
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    <easy-steps>true</easy-steps>
    <created-at>Thu, 16 Apr 2009 09:17:37 -0700</created-at>
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    <tags>politics, advertisement, commercial, election, race, presidential, running, office, campaigning</tags>
    <title>How To Make a Political Attack Ad</title>
    <description>
      <![CDATA[When it comes to campaign ads, bad is good.]]>
    </description>
    <permalink>http://www.howcast.com/videos/19042-How-To-Make-a-Political-Attack-Ad</permalink>
    <edit-url>http://www.howcast.com/videos/19042-How-To-Make-a-Political-Attack-Ad/edit</edit-url>
    <state>approved</state>
    <duration>126</duration>
    <width>1280</width>
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    <rating>8</rating>
    <username>cognitivefilms</username>
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    <views>1609</views>
    <overlay>
      <titlecard>false</titlecard>
      <steps>false</steps>
      <overlays>false</overlays>
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    <ingredients>
      <ingredient>
        <![CDATA[Rumors and innuendo]]>
      </ingredient>
      <ingredient>
        <![CDATA[A catch-phrase]]>
      </ingredient>
      <ingredient>
        <![CDATA[Something taken out of context]]>
      </ingredient>
      <ingredient>
        <![CDATA[A fresh scandal involving your opponent]]>
      </ingredient>
    </ingredients>
    <markers>
      <marker>
        <id>41194</id>
        <position>1</position>
        <timemarker>19</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Scare people</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Create doomsday scenarios. Make the young think nuclear holocaust is imminent; remind the middle-aged that Social Security is going bankrupt; tell old folks they’re going to have to start choosing between dinner and their meds. Your candidate, of course, is the only one who can turn things around.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Create doomsday scenarios. Make the young think nuclear holocaust is imminent; remind the middle-aged that Social Security is going bankrupt; tell old folks they’re going to have to start choosing between dinner and their meds. Your candidate, of course, is the only one who can turn things around.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41195</id>
        <position>2</position>
        <timemarker>40</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Pounce</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Go over your opponent’s voting record and speeches to see what you can take out of context&#8212;and pounce when he stumbles.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Go over your opponent’s voting record and speeches to see what you can take out of context&#8212;and pounce when he stumbles.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41196</id>
        <position>3</position>
        <timemarker>53</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Imply something sinister</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Imply something sinister about your opponent, like his secret motive for running for office is to promote polygamy or establish the Taliban in the U.S.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Imply something sinister about your opponent, like his secret motive for running for office is to promote polygamy or establish the Taliban in the U.S.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41197</id>
        <position>4</position>
        <timemarker>64</timemarker>
        <type>Tip</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title></title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Be suitably vague in your implications&#8212;so they can’t be easily disproved.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Be suitably vague in your implications&#8212;so they can’t be easily disproved.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41198</id>
        <position>5</position>
        <timemarker>69</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Find a catchphrase</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Find a negative catchphrase that you can apply to your opponent — like “Slick Willie” — then beat it like a dead horse.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Find a negative catchphrase that you can apply to your opponent — like “Slick Willie” — then beat it like a dead horse.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41199</id>
        <position>6</position>
        <timemarker>78</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Dig up dirt</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Dig up dirt. Don’t kid yourself&#8212;despite what voters say about wanting a “clean campaign,” they eat up scandal, especially if it’s salacious.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Dig up dirt. Don’t kid yourself&#8212;despite what voters say about wanting a “clean campaign,” they eat up scandal, especially if it’s salacious.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41200</id>
        <position>7</position>
        <timemarker>90</timemarker>
        <type>Tip</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title></title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Make sure the dirt is fresh. Research shows people love a new scandal, but get annoyed with ads that repeat old, well-known infractions.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Make sure the dirt is fresh. Research shows people love a new scandal, but get annoyed with ads that repeat old, well-known infractions.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41201</id>
        <position>8</position>
        <timemarker>98</timemarker>
        <type>Step</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title>Stay negative</title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[Above all, stay negative. Research shows that negative attacks on one’s political opponents are far more effective than self-promotion.]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>Above all, stay negative. Research shows that negative attacks on one’s political opponents are far more effective than self-promotion.</p>]]>
        </text>
      </marker>
      <marker>
        <id>41202</id>
        <position>9</position>
        <timemarker>108</timemarker>
        <type>Fact</type>
        <thumbnail-url></thumbnail-url>
        <title></title>
        <textile-text>
          <![CDATA[President Lyndon Johnson&#8217;s 1964 &#8220;daisy commercial&#8221; - in which a 6-year-old girl is shown picking daisies just before a nuclear bomb explodes - was called &#8220;the dirtiest ad ever done.&#8221;]]>
        </textile-text>
        <text>
          <![CDATA[<p>President Lyndon Johnson&#8217;s 1964 &#8220;daisy commercial&#8221; &#8211; in which a 6-year-old girl is shown picking daisies just before a nuclear bomb explodes &#8211; was called &#8220;the dirtiest ad ever done.&#8221;</p>]]>
        </text>
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        <title>How To Deal With Post-Election Depression</title>
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          <![CDATA[So your candidate — the person you rooted for and rallied behind — didn't win. Post-election heartache feels like it'll last forever, but believe us — time heals all political wounds.]]>
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        <title>How To Smart Mob</title>
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        <created-at>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 11:46:05 -0800</created-at>
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        <username>bender</username>
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          <![CDATA[Want to get a point across in a very big way? Organize a smart mob—a group of people who mobilize on short notice to perform a collective action. For more information on social movements, go to http://youthmovements.howcast.com]]>
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        <title>How To Create a Grassroots Movement Using Social-Networking Sites</title>
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        <created-at>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 12:12:39 -0800</created-at>
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        <username>bender</username>
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          <![CDATA[You’ve got an idea and boundless energy. Turn your dream of making a difference into reality by using social networks to spread the word. For more information on social movements, go to http://youthmovements.howcast.com]]>
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        <title>How To Be an Effective Dissident</title>
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        <created-at>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 15:38:51 -0800</created-at>
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        <username>bender</username>
        <description>
          <![CDATA[You’ve decided to protest an unjust political system or organization. Make the most impact with these tips. For more information on social movements, go to http://youthmovements.howcast.com]]>
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        <title>How To Launch a Human-Rights Blog</title>
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        <created-at>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 16:06:34 -0800</created-at>
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        <username>mrmanoog</username>
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          <![CDATA[You’re outraged over human-rights abuses, and you want to take a stand. A blog can be one of the most effective ways to make your voice heard. For more information on social movements, go to http://youthmovements.howcast.com]]>
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        <title>How To Protest Without Violence</title>
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        <views>2120</views>
        <created-at>Mon, 01 Dec 2008 16:34:54 -0800</created-at>
        <rating>11</rating>
        <username>mrmanoog</username>
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          <![CDATA[For your protest to succeed, you need passion—but don’t let your passion reach a boiling point. Keep your protest peaceful, and you’ll achieve better results. For more information on social movements, go to http://youthmovements.howcast.com]]>
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